;;;; -*- Mode: LISP; Syntax: ANSI-Common-Lisp; Base: 10 -*-
;;;; *************************************************************************
;;;;
;;;; $Id$
;;;;
;;;; The CLSQL Object Oriented Data Definitional Language (OODDL)
;;;; and Object Oriented Data Manipulation Language (OODML).
;;;;
;;;; This file is part of CLSQL.
;;;;
;;;; CLSQL users are granted the rights to distribute and use this software
;;;; as governed by the terms of the Lisp Lesser GNU Public License
;;;; (http://opensource.franz.com/preamble.html), also known as the LLGPL.
;;;; *************************************************************************

(in-package #:clsql-sys)

(defclass standard-db-object ()
  ((view-database :initform nil :initarg :view-database :reader view-database
    :db-kind :virtual))
  (:metaclass standard-db-class)
  (:documentation "Superclass for all CLSQL View Classes."))

(defvar *db-deserializing* nil)
(defvar *db-initializing* nil)

(defmethod slot-value-using-class ((class standard-db-class) instance slot-def)
  (declare (optimize (speed 3)))
  (unless *db-deserializing*
    (let* ((slot-name (%svuc-slot-name slot-def))
	   (slot-object (%svuc-slot-object slot-def class))
	   (slot-kind (view-class-slot-db-kind slot-object)))
      (when (and (eql slot-kind :join)
                 (not (slot-boundp instance slot-name)))
        (let ((*db-deserializing* t))
          (if (view-database instance)
              (setf (slot-value instance slot-name)
                    (fault-join-slot class instance slot-object))
              (setf (slot-value instance slot-name) nil))))))
  (call-next-method))

(defmethod (setf slot-value-using-class) (new-value (class standard-db-class)
					  instance slot)
  (declare (ignore new-value instance slot))
  (call-next-method))

(defmethod initialize-instance :around ((object standard-db-object)
					&rest all-keys &key &allow-other-keys)
  (declare (ignore all-keys))
  (let ((*db-initializing* t))
    (call-next-method)
    (unless *db-deserializing*
      #+nil (created-object object)
      (update-records-from-instance object))))

(defun sequence-from-class (view-class-name)
  (sql-escape
   (concatenate
    'string
    (symbol-name (view-table (find-class view-class-name)))
    "-SEQ")))

(defun create-sequence-from-class (view-class-name
                                   &key (database *default-database*))
  (create-sequence (sequence-from-class view-class-name) :database database))

(defun drop-sequence-from-class (view-class-name
                                 &key (if-does-not-exist :error)
                                 (database *default-database*))
  (drop-sequence (sequence-from-class view-class-name)
                 :if-does-not-exist if-does-not-exist
                 :database database))

;;
;; Build the database tables required to store the given view class
;;

(defmethod database-pkey-constraint ((class standard-db-class) database)
  (let ((keylist (mapcar #'view-class-slot-column (keyslots-for-class class))))
    (when keylist 
      (format nil "CONSTRAINT ~APK PRIMARY KEY~A"
              (database-output-sql (view-table class) database)
              (database-output-sql keylist database)))))


(defun create-view-from-class (view-class-name
                               &key (database *default-database*))
  "Creates a view in DATABASE based on VIEW-CLASS-NAME which defines
the view. The argument DATABASE has a default value of
*DEFAULT-DATABASE*."
  (let ((tclass (find-class view-class-name)))
    (if tclass
        (let ((*default-database* database))
          (%install-class tclass database))
        (error "Class ~s not found." view-class-name)))
  (values))

(defmethod %install-class ((self standard-db-class) database &aux schemadef)
  (dolist (slotdef (ordered-class-slots self))
    (let ((res (database-generate-column-definition (class-name self)
                                                    slotdef database)))
      (when res 
        (push res schemadef))))
  (unless schemadef
    (error "Class ~s has no :base slots" self))
  (create-table (sql-expression :table (view-table self)) schemadef
                :database database
                :constraints (database-pkey-constraint self database))
  (push self (database-view-classes database))
  t)

;;
;; Drop the tables which store the given view class
;;

(defun drop-view-from-class (view-class-name &key (database *default-database*))
  "Deletes a view or base table from DATABASE based on VIEW-CLASS-NAME
which defines that view. The argument DATABASE has a default value of
*DEFAULT-DATABASE*."
  (let ((tclass (find-class view-class-name)))
    (if tclass
        (let ((*default-database* database))
          (%uninstall-class tclass))
        (error "Class ~s not found." view-class-name)))
  (values))

(defun %uninstall-class (self &key (database *default-database*))
  (drop-table (sql-expression :table (view-table self))
              :if-does-not-exist :ignore
              :database database)
  (setf (database-view-classes database)
        (remove self (database-view-classes database))))


;;
;; List all known view classes
;;

(defun list-classes (&key (test #'identity)
		     (root-class (find-class 'standard-db-object))
		     (database *default-database*))
  "The LIST-CLASSES function collects all the classes below
ROOT-CLASS, which defaults to standard-db-object, that are connected
to the supplied DATABASE and which satisfy the TEST function. The
default for the TEST argument is identity. By default, LIST-CLASSES
returns a list of all the classes connected to the default database,
*DEFAULT-DATABASE*."
  (flet ((find-superclass (class) 
	   (member root-class (class-precedence-list class))))
    (let ((view-classes (and database (database-view-classes database))))
      (when view-classes
	(remove-if #'(lambda (c) (or (not (funcall test c))
				     (not (find-superclass c))))
		   view-classes)))))

;;
;; Define a new view class
;;

(defmacro def-view-class (class supers slots &rest options)
  "Extends the syntax of defclass to allow special slots to be mapped
onto the attributes of database views. The macro DEF-VIEW-CLASS
creates a class called CLASS which maps onto a database view. Such a
class is called a View Class. The macro DEF-VIEW-CLASS extends the
syntax of DEFCLASS to allow special base slots to be mapped onto the
attributes of database views (presently single tables). When a select
query that names a View Class is submitted, then the corresponding
database view is queried, and the slots in the resulting View Class
instances are filled with attribute values from the database. If
SUPERS is nil then STANDARD-DB-OBJECT automatically becomes the
superclass of the newly-defined View Class."
  `(progn
     (defclass ,class ,supers ,slots ,@options
	       (:metaclass standard-db-class))
     (finalize-inheritance (find-class ',class))))

(defun keyslots-for-class (class)
  (slot-value class 'key-slots))

(defun key-qualifier-for-instance (obj &key (database *default-database*))
  (let ((tb (view-table (class-of obj))))
    (flet ((qfk (k)
             (sql-operation '==
                            (sql-expression :attribute
                                            (view-class-slot-column k)
                                            :table tb)
                            (db-value-from-slot
                             k
                             (slot-value obj (slot-definition-name k))
                             database))))
      (let* ((keys (keyslots-for-class (class-of obj)))
	     (keyxprs (mapcar #'qfk (reverse keys))))
	(cond
          ((= (length keyxprs) 0) nil)
          ((= (length keyxprs) 1) (car keyxprs))
          ((> (length keyxprs) 1) (apply #'sql-operation 'and keyxprs)))))))

;;
;; Function used by 'generate-selection-list'
;;

(defun generate-attribute-reference (vclass slotdef)
  (cond
   ((eq (view-class-slot-db-kind slotdef) :base)
    (sql-expression :attribute (view-class-slot-column slotdef)
		    :table (view-table vclass)))
   ((eq (view-class-slot-db-kind slotdef) :key)
    (sql-expression :attribute (view-class-slot-column slotdef)
		    :table (view-table vclass)))
   (t nil)))

;;
;; Function used by 'find-all'
;;

(defun generate-selection-list (vclass)
  (let ((sels nil))
    (dolist (slotdef (ordered-class-slots vclass))
      (let ((res (generate-attribute-reference vclass slotdef)))
	(when res
          (push (cons slotdef res) sels))))
    (if sels
	sels
        (error "No slots of type :base in view-class ~A" (class-name vclass)))))

;;
;; Used by 'create-view-from-class'
;;


(defmethod database-generate-column-definition (class slotdef database)
  (declare (ignore database class))
  (when (member (view-class-slot-db-kind slotdef) '(:base :key))
    (let ((cdef
           (list (sql-expression :attribute (view-class-slot-column slotdef))
                 (slot-type slotdef))))
      (setf cdef (append cdef (list (view-class-slot-db-type slotdef))))
      (let ((const (view-class-slot-db-constraints slotdef)))
        (when const 
          (setq cdef (append cdef (list const)))))
      cdef)))

;;
;; Called by 'get-slot-values-from-view'
;;

(declaim (inline delistify))
(defun delistify (list)
  (if (listp list)
      (car list)
      list))

(defun slot-type (slotdef)
  (specified-type slotdef))

(defvar *update-context* nil)

(defmethod update-slot-from-db ((instance standard-db-object) slotdef value)
  (declare (optimize (speed 3) #+cmu (extensions:inhibit-warnings 3)))
  (let* ((slot-reader (view-class-slot-db-reader slotdef))
	 (slot-name   (slot-definition-name slotdef))
	 (slot-type   (slot-type slotdef))
	 (*update-context* (cons (type-of instance) slot-name)))
    (cond ((and value (null slot-reader))
           (setf (slot-value instance slot-name)
                 (read-sql-value value (delistify slot-type)
                                 (view-database instance))))
          ((null value)
           (update-slot-with-null instance slot-name slotdef))
          ((typep slot-reader 'string)
           (setf (slot-value instance slot-name)
                 (format nil slot-reader value)))
          ((typep slot-reader 'function)
           (setf (slot-value instance slot-name)
                 (apply slot-reader (list value))))
          (t
           (error "Slot reader is of an unusual type.")))))

(defmethod key-value-from-db (slotdef value database) 
  (declare (optimize (speed 3) #+cmu (extensions:inhibit-warnings 3)))
  (let ((slot-reader (view-class-slot-db-reader slotdef))
        (slot-type (slot-type slotdef)))
    (cond ((and value (null slot-reader))
           (read-sql-value value (delistify slot-type) database))
          ((null value)
           nil)
          ((typep slot-reader 'string)
           (format nil slot-reader value))
          ((typep slot-reader 'function)
           (apply slot-reader (list value)))
          (t
           (error "Slot reader is of an unusual type.")))))

(defun db-value-from-slot (slotdef val database)
  (let ((dbwriter (view-class-slot-db-writer slotdef))
	(dbtype (slot-type slotdef)))
    (typecase dbwriter
      (string (format nil dbwriter val))
      (function (apply dbwriter (list val)))
      (t
       (typecase dbtype
	 (cons
	  (database-output-sql-as-type (car dbtype) val database))
	 (t
	  (database-output-sql-as-type dbtype val database)))))))

(defun check-slot-type (slotdef val)
  (let* ((slot-type (slot-type slotdef))
         (basetype (if (listp slot-type) (car slot-type) slot-type)))
    (when (and slot-type val)
      (unless (typep val basetype)
        (error 'clsql-type-error
               :slotname (slot-definition-name slotdef)
               :typespec slot-type
               :value val)))))

;;
;; Called by find-all
;;

(defmethod get-slot-values-from-view (obj slotdeflist values)
    (flet ((update-slot (slot-def values)
	     (update-slot-from-db obj slot-def values)))
      (mapc #'update-slot slotdeflist values)
      obj))

(defgeneric update-record-from-slot (object slot &key database)
  (:documentation
   "The generic function UPDATE-RECORD-FROM-SLOT updates an individual
data item in the column represented by SLOT. The DATABASE is only used
if OBJECT is not yet associated with any database, in which case a
record is created in DATABASE. Only SLOT is initialized in this case;
other columns in the underlying database receive default values. The
argument SLOT is the CLOS slot name; the corresponding column names
are derived from the View Class definition."))
   
(defmethod update-record-from-slot ((obj standard-db-object) slot &key
					(database *default-database*))
  (let* ((vct (view-table (class-of obj)))
         (sd (slotdef-for-slot-with-class slot (class-of obj))))
    (check-slot-type sd (slot-value obj slot))
    (let* ((att (view-class-slot-column sd))
           (val (db-value-from-slot sd (slot-value obj slot) database)))
      (cond ((and vct sd (view-database obj))
             (update-records (sql-expression :table vct)
                             :attributes (list (sql-expression
                                                :attribute att))
                             :values (list val)
                             :where (key-qualifier-for-instance
                                     obj :database database)
                             :database (view-database obj)))
            ((and vct sd (not (view-database obj)))
             (warn "Ignoring (install-instance obj :database database))")
	     t)
            (t
             (error "Unable to update record.")))))
  t)

(defgeneric update-record-from-slots (object slots &key database)
  (:documentation 
   "The generic function UPDATE-RECORD-FROM-SLOTS updates data in the
columns represented by SLOTS. The DATABASE is only used if OBJECT is
not yet associated with any database, in which case a record is
created in DATABASE. Only slots are initialized in this case; other
columns in the underlying database receive default values. The
argument SLOTS contains the CLOS slot names; the corresponding column
names are derived from the view class definition."))

(defmethod update-record-from-slots ((obj standard-db-object) slots &key
                                     (database *default-database*))
  (let* ((vct (view-table (class-of obj)))
         (sds (slotdefs-for-slots-with-class slots (class-of obj)))
         (avps (mapcar #'(lambda (s)
                           (let ((val (slot-value
                                       obj (slot-definition-name s))))
                             (check-slot-type s val)
                             (list (sql-expression
                                    :attribute (view-class-slot-column s))
                                   (db-value-from-slot s val database))))
                       sds)))
    (cond ((and avps (view-database obj))
           (update-records (sql-expression :table vct)
                           :av-pairs avps
                           :where (key-qualifier-for-instance
                                   obj :database database)
                           :database (view-database obj)))
          ((and avps (not (view-database obj)))
           (insert-records :into (sql-expression :table vct)
                           :av-pairs avps
                           :database database)
           (setf (slot-value obj 'view-database) database))
          (t
           (error "Unable to update records"))))
  (values))

(defgeneric update-records-from-instance (object &key database)
  (:documentation
   "Using an instance of a view class, update the database table that
stores its instance data. If the instance is already associated with a
database, that database is used, and database is ignored. If instance
is not yet associated with a database, a record is created for
instance in the appropriate table of database and the instance becomes
associated with that database."))

(defmethod update-records-from-instance ((obj standard-db-object)
                                         &key (database *default-database*))
  (labels ((slot-storedp (slot)
	     (and (member (view-class-slot-db-kind slot) '(:base :key))
		  (slot-boundp obj (slot-definition-name slot))))
	   (slot-value-list (slot)
	     (let ((value (slot-value obj (slot-definition-name slot))))
	       (check-slot-type slot value)
	       (list (sql-expression :attribute (view-class-slot-column slot))
		     (db-value-from-slot slot value database)))))
    (let* ((view-class (class-of obj))
	   (view-class-table (view-table view-class))
	   (slots (remove-if-not #'slot-storedp (ordered-class-slots view-class)))
	   (record-values (mapcar #'slot-value-list slots)))
      (unless record-values
        (error "No settable slots."))
      (if (view-database obj)
          (update-records (sql-expression :table view-class-table)
                          :av-pairs record-values
                          :where (key-qualifier-for-instance
                                  obj :database database)
                          :database (view-database obj))
          (progn
            (insert-records :into (sql-expression :table view-class-table)
                            :av-pairs record-values
                            :database database)
            (setf (slot-value obj 'view-database) database)))
      (values))))

(defgeneric delete-instance-records (instance)
  (:documentation
   "Deletes the records represented by INSTANCE from the database
associated with it. If instance has no associated database, an error
is signalled."))

(defmethod delete-instance-records ((instance standard-db-object))
  (let ((vt (sql-expression :table (view-table (class-of instance))))
	(vd (or (view-database instance) *default-database*)))
    (when vd
      (let ((qualifier (key-qualifier-for-instance instance :database vd)))
	(delete-records :from vt :where qualifier :database vd)
	(setf (slot-value instance 'view-database) nil))))
  #+ignore (odcl::deleted-object object))

(defgeneric update-instance-from-records (instance &key database)
  (:documentation
   "Updates the values in the slots of the View Class instance
INSTANCE using the data in the database DATABASE which defaults to the
database that INSTANCE is associated with, or the value of
*DEFAULT-DATABASE*."))

(defmethod update-instance-from-records ((instance standard-db-object)
                                         &key (database *default-database*))
  (let* ((view-class (find-class (class-name (class-of instance))))
         (view-table (sql-expression :table (view-table view-class)))
         (vd (or (view-database instance) database))
         (view-qual (key-qualifier-for-instance instance :database vd))
         (sels (generate-selection-list view-class))
         (res (apply #'select (append (mapcar #'cdr sels)
                                      (list :from  view-table
                                            :where view-qual)))))
    (when res
      (get-slot-values-from-view instance (mapcar #'car sels) (car res)))))

(defgeneric update-slot-from-record (instance slot &key database)
  (:documentation
   "Updates the value in the slot SLOT of the View Class instance
INSTANCE using the data in the database DATABASE which defaults to the
database that INSTANCE is associated with, or the value of
*DEFAULT-DATABASE*."))

(defmethod update-slot-from-record ((instance standard-db-object)
                                    slot &key (database *default-database*))
  (let* ((view-class (find-class (class-name (class-of instance))))
         (view-table (sql-expression :table (view-table view-class)))
         (vd (or (view-database instance) database))
         (view-qual (key-qualifier-for-instance instance :database vd))
         (slot-def (slotdef-for-slot-with-class slot view-class))
         (att-ref (generate-attribute-reference view-class slot-def))
         (res (select att-ref :from  view-table :where view-qual)))
    (get-slot-values-from-view instance (list slot-def) (car res))))


(defgeneric database-null-value (type)
  (:documentation "Return an expression of type TYPE which SQL NULL values
will be converted into."))

(defmethod database-null-value ((type t))
  (cond
    ((subtypep type 'string) nil)
    ((subtypep type 'integer) nil)
    ((subtypep type 'list) nil)
    ((subtypep type 'boolean) nil)
    ((eql type t) nil)
    ((subtypep type 'symbol) nil)
    ((subtypep type 'keyword) nil)
    ((subtypep type 'wall-time) nil)
    ((subtypep type 'duration) nil)
    ((subtypep type 'money) nil)
    (t
     (error "Unable to handle null for type ~A" type))))

(defgeneric update-slot-with-null (instance slotname slotdef)
  (:documentation "Called to update a slot when its column has a NULL
value.  If nulls are allowed for the column, the slot's value will be
nil, otherwise its value will be set to the result of calling
DATABASE-NULL-VALUE on the type of the slot."))

(defmethod update-slot-with-null ((object standard-db-object)
				  slotname
				  slotdef)
  (let ((st (slot-type slotdef))
        (allowed (slot-value slotdef 'nulls-ok)))
    (if allowed
        (setf (slot-value object slotname) nil)
        (setf (slot-value object slotname)
              (database-null-value st)))))

(defvar +no-slot-value+ '+no-slot-value+)

(defsql sql-slot-value (:symbol "slot-value") (classname slot &optional (value +no-slot-value+) (database *default-database*))
  (let* ((class (find-class classname))
	 (sld (slotdef-for-slot-with-class slot class)))
    (if sld
	(if (eq value +no-slot-value+)
	    (sql-expression :attribute (view-class-slot-column sld)
			    :table (view-table class))
            (db-value-from-slot
             sld
             value
             database))
        (error "Unknown slot ~A for class ~A" slot classname))))

(defsql sql-view-class (:symbol "view-class") (classname &optional (database *default-database*))
	(declare (ignore database))
	(let* ((class (find-class classname)))
	  (unless (view-table class)
	    (error "No view-table for class ~A"  classname))
	  (sql-expression :table (view-table class))))

(defmethod database-get-type-specifier (type args database)
  (declare (ignore type args))
  (if (clsql-base-sys::in (database-underlying-type database)
			  :postgresql :postgresql-socket)
          "VARCHAR"
          "VARCHAR(255)"))

(defmethod database-get-type-specifier ((type (eql 'integer)) args database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  ;;"INT8")
  (if args
      (format nil "INT(~A)" (car args))
      "INT"))
              
(defmethod database-get-type-specifier ((type (eql 'simple-base-string)) args
                                        database)
  (if args
      (format nil "VARCHAR(~A)" (car args))
    (if (clsql-base-sys::in (database-underlying-type database) 
			    :postgresql :postgresql-socket)
	"VARCHAR"
      "VARCHAR(255)")))

(defmethod database-get-type-specifier ((type (eql 'simple-string)) args
                                        database)
  (if args
      (format nil "VARCHAR(~A)" (car args))
    (if (clsql-base-sys::in (database-underlying-type database) 
			    :postgresql :postgresql-socket)
	"VARCHAR"
      "VARCHAR(255)")))

(defmethod database-get-type-specifier ((type (eql 'string)) args database)
  (if args
      (format nil "VARCHAR(~A)" (car args))
    (if (clsql-base-sys::in (database-underlying-type database) 
			    :postgresql :postgresql-socket)
	"VARCHAR"
      "VARCHAR(255)")))

(defmethod database-get-type-specifier ((type (eql 'wall-time)) args database)
  (declare (ignore args))
  (case (database-underlying-type database)
    ((:postgresql :postgresql-socket)
     "TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE")
    (:mysql
     "DATETIME")
    (t "TIMESTAMP")))

(defmethod database-get-type-specifier ((type (eql 'duration)) args database)
  (declare (ignore database args))
  "VARCHAR")

(defmethod database-get-type-specifier ((type (eql 'money)) args database)
  (declare (ignore database args))
  "INT8")

(deftype raw-string (&optional len)
  "A string which is not trimmed when retrieved from the database"
  `(string ,len))

(defmethod database-get-type-specifier ((type (eql 'raw-string)) args database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (if args
      (format nil "VARCHAR(~A)" (car args))
      "VARCHAR"))

(defmethod database-get-type-specifier ((type (eql 'float)) args database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (if args
      (format nil "FLOAT(~A)" (car args))
      "FLOAT"))

(defmethod database-get-type-specifier ((type (eql 'long-float)) args database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (if args
      (format nil "FLOAT(~A)" (car args))
      "FLOAT"))

(defmethod database-get-type-specifier ((type (eql 'boolean)) args database)
  (declare (ignore args database))
  "BOOL")

(defmethod database-output-sql-as-type (type val database)
  (declare (ignore type database))
  val)

(defmethod database-output-sql-as-type ((type (eql 'list)) val database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (progv '(*print-circle* *print-array*) '(t t)
    (let ((escaped (prin1-to-string val)))
      (clsql-base-sys::substitute-char-string
       escaped #\Null " "))))

(defmethod database-output-sql-as-type ((type (eql 'symbol)) val database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (if (keywordp val)
      (symbol-name val)
      (if val
          (concatenate 'string
                       (package-name (symbol-package val))
                       "::"
                       (symbol-name val))
          "")))

(defmethod database-output-sql-as-type ((type (eql 'keyword)) val database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (if val
      (symbol-name val)
      ""))

(defmethod database-output-sql-as-type ((type (eql 'vector)) val database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (progv '(*print-circle* *print-array*) '(t t)
    (prin1-to-string val)))

(defmethod database-output-sql-as-type ((type (eql 'array)) val database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (progv '(*print-circle* *print-array*) '(t t)
    (prin1-to-string val)))

(defmethod database-output-sql-as-type ((type (eql 'boolean)) val database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (if val "t" "f"))

(defmethod database-output-sql-as-type ((type (eql 'string)) val database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  val)

(defmethod database-output-sql-as-type ((type (eql 'simple-string))
					val database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  val)

(defmethod database-output-sql-as-type ((type (eql 'simple-base-string))
					val database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  val)

(defmethod read-sql-value (val type database)
  (declare (ignore type database))
  (read-from-string val))

(defmethod read-sql-value (val (type (eql 'string)) database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  val)

(defmethod read-sql-value (val (type (eql 'simple-string)) database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  val)

(defmethod read-sql-value (val (type (eql 'simple-base-string)) database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  val)

(defmethod read-sql-value (val (type (eql 'raw-string)) database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  val)

(defmethod read-sql-value (val (type (eql 'keyword)) database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (when (< 0 (length val))
    (intern (string-upcase val) "KEYWORD")))

(defmethod read-sql-value (val (type (eql 'symbol)) database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (when (< 0 (length val))
    (unless (string= val "NIL")
      (intern (string-upcase val)
              (symbol-package *update-context*)))))

(defmethod read-sql-value (val (type (eql 'integer)) database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (etypecase val
    (string
     (read-from-string val))
    (number val)))

(defmethod read-sql-value (val (type (eql 'float)) database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  ;; writing 1.0 writes 1, so we we *really* want a float, must do (float ...)
  (float (read-from-string val))) 

(defmethod read-sql-value (val (type (eql 'boolean)) database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (equal "t" val))

(defmethod read-sql-value (val (type (eql 'wall-time)) database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (unless (eq 'NULL val)
    (parse-timestring val)))

(defmethod read-sql-value (val (type (eql 'duration)) database)
  (declare (ignore database))
  (unless (or (eq 'NULL val)
              (equal "NIL" val))
    (parse-timestring val)))

;; ------------------------------------------------------------
;; Logic for 'faulting in' :join slots

(defun fault-join-slot-raw (class object slot-def)
  (let* ((dbi (view-class-slot-db-info slot-def))
	 (jc (gethash :join-class dbi)))
    (let ((jq (join-qualifier class object slot-def)))
      (when jq 
        (select jc :where jq)))))

(defun fault-join-slot (class object slot-def)
  (let* ((dbi (view-class-slot-db-info slot-def))
	 (ts (gethash :target-slot dbi))
	 (res (fault-join-slot-raw class object slot-def)))
    (when res
      (cond
	((and ts (gethash :set dbi))
	 (mapcar (lambda (obj)
		   (cons obj (slot-value obj ts))) res))
	((and ts (not (gethash :set dbi)))
	 (mapcar (lambda (obj) (slot-value obj ts)) res))
	((and (not ts) (not (gethash :set dbi)))
	 (car res))
	((and (not ts) (gethash :set dbi))
	 res)))))

(defun join-qualifier (class object slot-def)
    (declare (ignore class))
    (let* ((dbi (view-class-slot-db-info slot-def))
	   (jc (find-class (gethash :join-class dbi)))
	   ;;(ts (gethash :target-slot dbi))
	   ;;(tsdef (if ts (slotdef-for-slot-with-class ts jc)))
	   (foreign-keys (gethash :foreign-key dbi))
	   (home-keys (gethash :home-key dbi)))
      (when (every #'(lambda (slt)
		       (and (slot-boundp object slt)
                            (not (null (slot-value object slt)))))
		   (if (listp home-keys) home-keys (list home-keys)))
	(let ((jc
               (mapcar #'(lambda (hk fk)
                           (let ((fksd (slotdef-for-slot-with-class fk jc)))
                             (sql-operation '==
                                            (typecase fk
                                              (symbol
                                               (sql-expression
                                                :attribute
                                                (view-class-slot-column fksd)
                                                :table (view-table jc)))
                                              (t fk))
                                            (typecase hk
                                              (symbol
                                               (slot-value object hk))
                                              (t
                                               hk)))))
                       (if (listp home-keys)
                           home-keys
                           (list home-keys))
                       (if (listp foreign-keys)
                           foreign-keys
                           (list foreign-keys)))))
          (when jc
            (if (> (length jc) 1)
                (apply #'sql-and jc)
                jc))))))

(defmethod postinitialize ((self t))
  )

(defun find-all (view-classes &rest args &key all set-operation distinct from
                 where group-by having order-by order-by-descending offset limit
                 (database *default-database*))
  "tweeze me apart someone pleeze"
  (declare (ignore all set-operation group-by having
                   offset limit)
           (optimize (debug 3) (speed 1)))
  ;; (cmsg "Args = ~s" args)
  (remf args :from)
  (let* ((*db-deserializing* t)
         (*default-database* (or database
                                 (error 'clsql-no-database-error nil))))
    (flet ((table-sql-expr (table)
             (sql-expression :table (view-table table)))
           (ref-equal (ref1 ref2)
             (equal (sql ref1)
                    (sql ref2)))
           (tables-equal (table-a table-b)
             (string= (string (slot-value table-a 'name))
                      (string (slot-value table-b 'name)))))

      (let* ((sclasses (mapcar #'find-class view-classes))
             (sels (mapcar #'generate-selection-list sclasses))
             (fullsels (apply #'append sels))
             (sel-tables (collect-table-refs where))
             (tables (remove-duplicates (append (mapcar #'table-sql-expr sclasses) sel-tables)
                                        :test #'tables-equal))
             (res nil))
        (dolist (ob (listify order-by))
          (when (and ob (not (member ob (mapcar #'cdr fullsels)
                                     :test #'ref-equal)))
            (setq fullsels (append fullsels (mapcar #'(lambda (att) (cons nil att))
                                                    (listify ob))))))
        (dolist (ob (listify order-by-descending))
          (when (and ob (not (member ob (mapcar #'cdr fullsels)
                                     :test #'ref-equal)))
            (setq fullsels (append fullsels (mapcar #'(lambda (att) (cons nil att))
                                                    (listify ob))))))
        (dolist (ob (listify distinct))
          (when (and (typep ob 'sql-ident) (not (member ob (mapcar #'cdr fullsels)
                                                        :test #'ref-equal)))
            (setq fullsels (append fullsels (mapcar #'(lambda (att) (cons nil att))
                                                    (listify ob))))))
        ;; (cmsg  "Tables = ~s" tables)
        ;; (cmsg  "From = ~s" from)
        (setq res (apply #'select (append (mapcar #'cdr fullsels)
                                          (cons :from (list (append (when from (listify from)) (listify tables)))) args)))
        (flet ((build-object (vals)
                 (flet ((%build-object (vclass selects)
                          (let ((class-name (class-name vclass))
                                (db-vals    (butlast vals (- (list-length vals)
                                                             (list-length selects)))))
                            ;; (setf vals (nthcdr (list-length selects) vals))
                            (%make-fresh-object class-name (mapcar #'car selects) db-vals))))
                   (let ((objects (mapcar #'%build-object sclasses sels)))
                     (if (= (length sclasses) 1)
                         (car objects)
                         objects)))))
          (mapcar #'build-object res))))))

(defun %make-fresh-object (class-name slots values)
  (let* ((*db-initializing* t)
         (obj (make-instance class-name
                             :view-database *default-database*)))
    (setf obj (get-slot-values-from-view obj slots values))
    (postinitialize obj)
    obj))

(defun select (&rest select-all-args)
  "Selects data from database given the constraints specified. Returns
a list of lists of record values as specified by select-all-args. By
default, the records are each represented as lists of attribute
values. The selections argument may be either db-identifiers, literal
strings or view classes.  If the argument consists solely of view
classes, the return value will be instances of objects rather than raw
tuples."
  (flet ((select-objects (target-args)
           (and target-args
                (every #'(lambda (arg)
                           (and (symbolp arg)
                                (find-class arg nil)))
                       target-args))))
    (multiple-value-bind (target-args qualifier-args)
        (query-get-selections select-all-args)
      ;; (cmsg "Qual args = ~s" qualifier-args)
      (if (select-objects target-args)
          (apply #'find-all target-args qualifier-args)
          (let ((expr (apply #'make-query select-all-args)))
            (destructuring-bind (&key (flatp nil)
				      (database *default-database*)
                                      &allow-other-keys)
                qualifier-args
              (let ((res (query expr :database database)))
		(if (and flatp
			 (= (length (slot-value expr 'selections)) 1))
		    (mapcar #'car res)
		  res))))))))