db-odbc/odbc-api.lisp

   1 ;;;; -*- Mode: LISP; Syntax: ANSI-Common-Lisp; Package: odbc -*-
   2 ;;;; *************************************************************************
   3 ;;;; FILE IDENTIFICATION
   4 ;;;;
   5 ;;;; Name:     odbc-api.lisp
   6 ;;;; Purpose:  Low-level ODBC API using UFFI
   7 ;;;; Authors:  Kevin M. Rosenberg and Paul Meurer
   8 ;;;;
   9 ;;;; $Id$
  10 ;;;;
  11 ;;;; This file, part of CLSQL, is Copyright (c) 2004 by Kevin M. Rosenberg
  12 ;;;; and Copyright (C) Paul Meurer 1999 - 2001. All rights reserved.
  13 ;;;;
  14 ;;;; CLSQL users are granted the rights to distribute and use this software
  15 ;;;; as governed by the terms of the Lisp Lesser GNU Public License
  16 ;;;; (http://opensource.franz.com/preamble.html), also known as the LLGPL.
  17 ;;;; *************************************************************************
  18
  19 (in-package #:odbc)
  20
  21 (defvar *null* nil
  22   "Lisp representation of SQL Null value, default = nil.
  23 May be locally bound to something else if a certain type is necessary.")
  24
  25
  26 (defvar *binary-format* :unsigned-byte-vector)
  27 (defvar *time-conversion-function*
  28     (lambda (universal-time &optional fraction)
  29       (declare (ignore fraction))
  30       (clsql-sys:format-time
  31        nil (clsql-sys:utime->time universal-time)
  32        :format :iso)
  33       #+ignore
  34       universal-time)
  35    "Bound to a function that converts from a Lisp universal time fixnum (and a fractional
  36 as possible second argument) to the desired representation of date/time/timestamp. By default, returns an iso-timestring.")
  37
  38 (defvar +null-ptr+ (make-null-pointer :byte))
  39 (defparameter +null-handle-ptr+ (make-null-pointer :void))
  40 (defvar *info-output* nil
  41   "Stream to send SUCCESS_WITH_INFO messages.")
  42
  43 (defmacro %put-str (ptr string &optional max-length)
  44   (let ((size (gensym)))
  45     `(let ((,size (length ,string)))
  46        (when (and ,max-length (> ,size ,max-length))
  47          (error 'clsql:sql-database-data-error
  48                 :message
  49                 (format nil "string \"~a\" of length ~d is longer than max-length: ~d"
  50                         ,string ,size ,max-length)))
  51       (with-cast-pointer (char-ptr ,ptr :byte)
  52         (dotimes (i ,size)
  53           (setf (deref-array char-ptr '(:array :byte) i)
  54                 (char-code (char ,string i))))
  55         (setf (deref-array char-ptr '(:array :byte) ,size) 0)))))
  56
  57 (defun %cstring-into-vector (ptr vector offset size-in-bytes)
  58   (dotimes (i size-in-bytes)
  59     (setf (schar vector offset)
  60       (ensure-char-character
  61        (deref-array ptr '(:array :unsigned-char) i)))
  62     (incf offset))
  63   offset)
  64
  65 (defun handle-error (henv hdbc hstmt)
  66   (let ((sql-state (allocate-foreign-string 256))
  67         (error-message (allocate-foreign-string #.$SQL_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH)))
  68     (with-foreign-objects ((error-code #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE)
  69                            (msg-length :short))
  70       (SQLError henv hdbc hstmt sql-state
  71                 error-code error-message
  72                 #.$SQL_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH msg-length)
  73       (let ((err (convert-from-foreign-string error-message))
  74             (state (convert-from-foreign-string sql-state)))
  75         (free-foreign-object error-message)
  76         (free-foreign-object sql-state)
  77         (values
  78          err
  79          state
  80          (deref-pointer msg-length :short)
  81          (deref-pointer error-code #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE))))))
  82
  83 (defun sql-state (henv hdbc hstmt)
  84   (let ((sql-state (allocate-foreign-string 256))
  85         (error-message (allocate-foreign-string #.$SQL_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH)))
  86     (with-foreign-objects ((error-code #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE)
  87                            (msg-length :short))
  88       (SQLError henv hdbc hstmt sql-state error-code
  89                 error-message #.$SQL_MAX_MESSAGE_LENGTH msg-length)
  90       (let ((state (convert-from-foreign-string sql-state)))
  91         (free-foreign-object error-message)
  92         (free-foreign-object sql-state)
  93         state
  94         ;; test this: return a keyword for efficiency
  95         ;;(%cstring-to-keyword state)
  96         ))))
  97
  98 (defmacro with-error-handling ((&key henv hdbc hstmt (print-info t))
  99                                    odbc-call &body body)
 100   (let ((result-code (gensym "RC-")))
 101     `(let ((,result-code ,odbc-call))
 102        (case ,result-code
 103          (#.$SQL_SUCCESS
 104           (progn ,result-code ,@body))
 105          (#.$SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO
 106           (when ,print-info
 107             (multiple-value-bind (error-message sql-state)
 108                 (handle-error (or ,henv +null-handle-ptr+)
 109                               (or ,hdbc +null-handle-ptr+)
 110                               (or ,hstmt +null-handle-ptr+))
 111               (when *info-output*
 112                 (format *info-output* "[ODBC info ~A] ~A state: ~A"
 113                         ,result-code error-message
 114                         sql-state))))
 115           (progn ,result-code ,@body))
 116          (#.$SQL_INVALID_HANDLE
 117           (error
 118            'clsql-sys:sql-database-error
 119            :message "ODBC: Invalid handle"))
 120          (#.$SQL_STILL_EXECUTING
 121           (error
 122            'clsql-sys:sql-temporary-error
 123            :message "ODBC: Still executing"))
 124          (#.$SQL_ERROR
 125           (multiple-value-bind (error-message sql-state)
 126               (handle-error (or ,henv +null-handle-ptr+)
 127                             (or ,hdbc +null-handle-ptr+)
 128                             (or ,hstmt +null-handle-ptr+))
 129             (error
 130              'clsql-sys:sql-database-error
 131              :message error-message
 132              :secondary-error-id sql-state)))
 133          (#.$SQL_NO_DATA_FOUND
 134           (progn ,result-code ,@body))
 135          ;; work-around for Allegro 7.0beta AMD64 which
 136          ;; has for negative numbers
 137          (otherwise
 138           (multiple-value-bind (error-message sql-state)
 139               (handle-error (or ,henv +null-handle-ptr+)
 140                             (or ,hdbc +null-handle-ptr+)
 141                             (or ,hstmt +null-handle-ptr+))
 142             (error
 143              'clsql-sys:sql-database-error
 144              :message error-message
 145              :secondary-error-id sql-state))
 146           #+ignore
 147           (progn ,result-code ,@body))))))
 148
 149 (defun %new-environment-handle ()
 150   (let ((henv
 151          (with-foreign-object (phenv 'sql-handle)
 152            (with-error-handling
 153                ()
 154              (SQLAllocEnv phenv)
 155              (deref-pointer phenv 'sql-handle)))))
 156     (%set-attr-odbc-version henv $SQL_OV_ODBC2)
 157     henv))
 158
 159
 160 (defun %sql-free-environment (henv)
 161   (with-error-handling
 162     (:henv henv)
 163     (SQLFreeEnv henv)))
 164
 165 (defun %new-db-connection-handle (henv)
 166   (with-foreign-object (phdbc 'sql-handle)
 167     (with-error-handling
 168       (:henv henv)
 169       (SQLAllocConnect henv phdbc)
 170       (deref-pointer phdbc 'sql-handle))))
 171
 172 (defun %free-statement (hstmt option)
 173   (with-error-handling
 174       (:hstmt hstmt)
 175       (SQLFreeStmt
 176        hstmt
 177        (ecase option
 178          (:drop $SQL_DROP)
 179          (:close $SQL_CLOSE)
 180          (:unbind $SQL_UNBIND)
 181          (:reset $SQL_RESET_PARAMS)))))
 182
 183 (defmacro with-statement-handle ((hstmt hdbc) &body body)
 184   `(let ((,hstmt (%new-statement-handle ,hdbc)))
 185      (unwind-protect
 186        (progn ,@body)
 187        (%free-statement ,hstmt :drop))))
 188
 189 ;; functional interface
 190
 191 (defun %sql-connect (hdbc server uid pwd)
 192   (with-cstrings ((server-ptr server)
 193                   (uid-ptr uid)
 194                   (pwd-ptr pwd))
 195     (with-error-handling
 196         (:hdbc hdbc)
 197       (SQLConnect hdbc server-ptr $SQL_NTS uid-ptr
 198                   $SQL_NTS pwd-ptr $SQL_NTS))))
 199
 200
 201 (defun %disconnect (hdbc)
 202   (with-error-handling
 203     (:hdbc hdbc)
 204     (SQLDisconnect hdbc)))
 205
 206 (defun %commit (henv hdbc)
 207   (with-error-handling
 208     (:henv henv :hdbc hdbc)
 209     (SQLTransact
 210      henv hdbc $SQL_COMMIT)))
 211
 212 (defun %rollback (henv hdbc)
 213   (with-error-handling
 214     (:henv henv :hdbc hdbc)
 215     (SQLTransact
 216      henv hdbc $SQL_ROLLBACK)))
 217
 218 ; col-nr is zero-based in Lisp
 219 ; col-nr = :bookmark retrieves a bookmark.
 220 (defun %bind-column (hstmt column-nr c-type data-ptr precision out-len-ptr)
 221   (with-error-handling
 222     (:hstmt hstmt)
 223     (SQLBindCol hstmt
 224                 (if (eq column-nr :bookmark) 0 (1+ column-nr))
 225                 c-type data-ptr precision out-len-ptr)))
 226
 227 ; parameter-nr is zero-based in Lisp
 228 (defun %sql-bind-parameter (hstmt parameter-nr parameter-type c-type
 229                                       sql-type precision scale data-ptr
 230                                       max-value out-len-ptr)
 231   (with-error-handling
 232     (:hstmt hstmt)
 233     (SQLBindParameter hstmt (1+ parameter-nr)
 234                       parameter-type ;$SQL_PARAM_INPUT
 235                       c-type ;$SQL_C_CHAR
 236                       sql-type ;$SQL_VARCHAR
 237                       precision ;(1- (length str))
 238                       scale ;0
 239                       data-ptr
 240                       max-value
 241                       out-len-ptr ;#.+null-ptr+
 242                       )))
 243
 244 (defun %sql-fetch (hstmt)
 245   (with-error-handling
 246       (:hstmt hstmt)
 247       (SQLFetch hstmt)))
 248
 249 (defun %new-statement-handle (hdbc)
 250   (let ((statement-handle
 251          (with-foreign-object (hstmt-ptr 'sql-handle)
 252            (with-error-handling
 253                (:hdbc hdbc)
 254              (SQLAllocStmt hdbc hstmt-ptr)
 255              (deref-pointer hstmt-ptr 'sql-handle)))))
 256     (if (uffi:null-pointer-p statement-handle)
 257         (error 'clsql:sql-database-error :message "Received null statement handle.")
 258         statement-handle)))
 259
 260 (defun %sql-get-info (hdbc info-type)
 261   (ecase info-type
 262     ;; those return string
 263     ((#.$SQL_ACCESSIBLE_PROCEDURES
 264       #.$SQL_ACCESSIBLE_TABLES
 265       #.$SQL_COLUMN_ALIAS
 266       #.$SQL_DATA_SOURCE_NAME
 267       #.$SQL_DATA_SOURCE_READ_ONLY
 268       #.$SQL_DBMS_NAME
 269       #.$SQL_DBMS_VER
 270       #.$SQL_DRIVER_NAME
 271       #.$SQL_DRIVER_ODBC_VER
 272       #.$SQL_DRIVER_VER
 273       #.$SQL_EXPRESSIONS_IN_ORDERBY
 274       #.$SQL_IDENTIFIER_QUOTE_CHAR
 275       #.$SQL_KEYWORDS
 276       #.$SQL_LIKE_ESCAPE_CLAUSE
 277       #.$SQL_MAX_ROW_SIZE_INCLUDES_LONG
 278       #.$SQL_MULT_RESULT_SETS
 279       #.$SQL_MULTIPLE_ACTIVE_TXN
 280       #.$SQL_NEED_LONG_DATA_LEN
 281       #.$SQL_ODBC_SQL_OPT_IEF
 282       #.$SQL_ODBC_VER
 283       #.$SQL_ORDER_BY_COLUMNS_IN_SELECT
 284       #.$SQL_OUTER_JOINS
 285       #.$SQL_OWNER_TERM
 286       #.$SQL_PROCEDURE_TERM
 287       #.$SQL_PROCEDURES
 288       #.$SQL_QUALIFIER_NAME_SEPARATOR
 289       #.$SQL_QUALIFIER_TERM
 290       #.$SQL_ROW_UPDATES
 291       #.$SQL_SEARCH_PATTERN_ESCAPE
 292       #.$SQL_SERVER_NAME
 293       #.$SQL_SPECIAL_CHARACTERS
 294       #.$SQL_TABLE_TERM
 295       #.$SQL_USER_NAME)
 296      (let ((info-ptr (allocate-foreign-string 1024)))
 297        (with-foreign-object (info-length-ptr :short)
 298          (with-error-handling
 299              (:hdbc hdbc)
 300              (SQLGetInfo hdbc info-type info-ptr 1023 info-length-ptr)
 301            (let ((info (convert-from-foreign-string info-ptr)))
 302              (free-foreign-object info-ptr)
 303              info)))))
 304     ;; those returning a word
 305     ((#.$SQL_ACTIVE_CONNECTIONS
 306       #.$SQL_ACTIVE_STATEMENTS
 307       #.$SQL_CONCAT_NULL_BEHAVIOR
 308       #.$SQL_CORRELATION_NAME
 309       #.$SQL_CURSOR_COMMIT_BEHAVIOR
 310       #.$SQL_CURSOR_ROLLBACK_BEHAVIOR
 311       #.$SQL_MAX_COLUMN_NAME_LEN
 312       #.$SQL_MAX_COLUMNS_IN_GROUP_BY
 313       #.$SQL_MAX_COLUMNS_IN_INDEX
 314       #.$SQL_MAX_COLUMNS_IN_ORDER_BY
 315       #.$SQL_MAX_COLUMNS_IN_SELECT
 316       #.$SQL_MAX_COLUMNS_IN_TABLE
 317       #.$SQL_MAX_CURSOR_NAME_LEN
 318       #.$SQL_MAX_OWNER_NAME_LEN
 319       #.$SQL_MAX_PROCEDURE_NAME_LEN
 320       #.$SQL_MAX_QUALIFIER_NAME_LEN
 321       #.$SQL_MAX_TABLE_NAME_LEN
 322       #.$SQL_MAX_TABLES_IN_SELECT
 323       #.$SQL_MAX_USER_NAME_LEN
 324       #.$SQL_NON_NULLABLE_COLUMNS
 325       #.$SQL_NULL_COLLATION
 326       #.$SQL_ODBC_API_CONFORMANCE
 327       #.$SQL_ODBC_SAG_CLI_CONFORMANCE
 328       #.$SQL_ODBC_SQL_CONFORMANCE
 329       #.$SQL_QUALIFIER_LOCATION
 330       #.$SQL_QUOTED_IDENTIFIER_CASE
 331       #.$SQL_TXN_CAPABLE)
 332      (with-foreign-objects ((info-ptr :short)
 333                             (info-length-ptr :short))
 334        (with-error-handling
 335         (:hdbc hdbc)
 336          (SQLGetInfo hdbc
 337                      info-type
 338                      info-ptr
 339                      255
 340                      info-length-ptr)
 341          (deref-pointer info-ptr :short)))
 342      )
 343     ;; those returning a long bitmask
 344     ((#.$SQL_ALTER_TABLE
 345       #.$SQL_BOOKMARK_PERSISTENCE
 346       #.$SQL_CONVERT_BIGINT
 347       #.$SQL_CONVERT_BINARY
 348       #.$SQL_CONVERT_BIT
 349       #.$SQL_CONVERT_CHAR
 350       #.$SQL_CONVERT_DATE
 351       #.$SQL_CONVERT_DECIMAL
 352       #.$SQL_CONVERT_DOUBLE
 353       #.$SQL_CONVERT_FLOAT
 354       #.$SQL_CONVERT_INTEGER
 355       #.$SQL_CONVERT_LONGVARCHAR
 356       #.$SQL_CONVERT_NUMERIC
 357       #.$SQL_CONVERT_REAL
 358       #.$SQL_CONVERT_SMALLINT
 359       #.$SQL_CONVERT_TIME
 360       #.$SQL_CONVERT_TIMESTAMP
 361       #.$SQL_CONVERT_TINYINT
 362       #.$SQL_CONVERT_VARBINARY
 363       #.$SQL_CONVERT_VARCHAR
 364       #.$SQL_CONVERT_LONGVARBINARY
 365       #.$SQL_CONVERT_FUNCTIONS
 366       #.$SQL_FETCH_DIRECTION
 367       #.$SQL_FILE_USAGE
 368       #.$SQL_GETDATA_EXTENSIONS
 369       #.$SQL_LOCK_TYPES
 370       #.$SQL_MAX_INDEX_SIZE
 371       #.$SQL_MAX_ROW_SIZE
 372       #.$SQL_MAX_STATEMENT_LEN
 373       #.$SQL_NUMERIC_FUNCTIONS
 374       #.$SQL_OWNER_USAGE
 375       #.$SQL_POS_OPERATIONS
 376       #.$SQL_POSITIONED_STATEMENTS
 377       #.$SQL_QUALIFIER_USAGE
 378       #.$SQL_SCROLL_CONCURRENCY
 379       #.$SQL_SCROLL_OPTIONS
 380       #.$SQL_STATIC_SENSITIVITY
 381       #.$SQL_STRING_FUNCTIONS
 382       #.$SQL_SUBQUERIES
 383       #.$SQL_SYSTEM_FUNCTIONS
 384       #.$SQL_TIMEDATE_ADD_INTERVALS
 385       #.$SQL_TIMEDATE_DIFF_INTERVALS
 386       #.$SQL_TIMEDATE_FUNCTIONS
 387       #.$SQL_TXN_ISOLATION_OPTION
 388       #.$SQL_UNION)
 389      (with-foreign-objects ((info-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE)
 390                             (info-length-ptr :short))
 391        (with-error-handling
 392          (:hdbc hdbc)
 393          (SQLGetInfo hdbc
 394                      info-type
 395                      info-ptr
 396                      255
 397                      info-length-ptr)
 398          (deref-pointer info-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE)))
 399      )
 400     ;; those returning a long integer
 401     ((#.$SQL_DEFAULT_TXN_ISOLATION
 402       #.$SQL_DRIVER_HDBC
 403       #.$SQL_DRIVER_HENV
 404       #.$SQL_DRIVER_HLIB
 405       #.$SQL_DRIVER_HSTMT
 406       #.$SQL_GROUP_BY
 407       #.$SQL_IDENTIFIER_CASE
 408       #.$SQL_MAX_BINARY_LITERAL_LEN
 409       #.$SQL_MAX_CHAR_LITERAL_LEN
 410       #.$SQL_ACTIVE_ENVIRONMENTS
 411       )
 412      (with-foreign-objects ((info-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE)
 413                             (info-length-ptr :short))
 414        (with-error-handling
 415          (:hdbc hdbc)
 416          (SQLGetInfo hdbc info-type info-ptr 255 info-length-ptr)
 417          (deref-pointer info-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE))))))
 418
 419 (defun %sql-exec-direct (sql hstmt henv hdbc)
 420   (with-cstring (sql-ptr sql)
 421     (with-error-handling
 422       (:hstmt hstmt :henv henv :hdbc hdbc)
 423       (SQLExecDirect hstmt sql-ptr $SQL_NTS))))
 424
 425 (defun %sql-cancel (hstmt)
 426   (with-error-handling
 427     (:hstmt hstmt)
 428     (SQLCancel hstmt)))
 429
 430 (defun %sql-execute (hstmt)
 431   (with-error-handling
 432     (:hstmt hstmt)
 433     (SQLExecute hstmt)))
 434
 435 (defun result-columns-count (hstmt)
 436   (with-foreign-objects ((columns-nr-ptr :short))
 437     (with-error-handling (:hstmt hstmt)
 438                          (SQLNumResultCols hstmt columns-nr-ptr)
 439       (deref-pointer columns-nr-ptr :short))))
 440
 441 (defun result-rows-count (hstmt)
 442   (with-foreign-objects ((row-count-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE))
 443     (with-error-handling (:hstmt hstmt)
 444                          (SQLRowCount hstmt row-count-ptr)
 445       (deref-pointer row-count-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE))))
 446
 447 ;; column counting is 1-based
 448 (defun %describe-column (hstmt column-nr)
 449   (let ((column-name-ptr (allocate-foreign-string 256)))
 450     (with-foreign-objects ((column-name-length-ptr :short)
 451                            (column-sql-type-ptr :short)
 452                            (column-precision-ptr #.$ODBC-ULONG-TYPE)
 453                            (column-scale-ptr :short)
 454                            (column-nullable-p-ptr :short))
 455       (with-error-handling (:hstmt hstmt)
 456           (SQLDescribeCol hstmt column-nr column-name-ptr 256
 457                           column-name-length-ptr
 458                           column-sql-type-ptr
 459                           column-precision-ptr
 460                           column-scale-ptr
 461                           column-nullable-p-ptr)
 462         (let ((column-name (convert-from-foreign-string column-name-ptr)))
 463           (free-foreign-object column-name-ptr)
 464           (values
 465            column-name
 466            (deref-pointer column-sql-type-ptr :short)
 467            (deref-pointer column-precision-ptr #.$ODBC-ULONG-TYPE)
 468            (deref-pointer column-scale-ptr :short)
 469            (deref-pointer column-nullable-p-ptr :short)))))))
 470
 471 ;; parameter counting is 1-based
 472 (defun %describe-parameter (hstmt parameter-nr)
 473   (with-foreign-objects ((column-sql-type-ptr :short)
 474                          (column-precision-ptr #.$ODBC-ULONG-TYPE)
 475                          (column-scale-ptr :short)
 476                          (column-nullable-p-ptr :short))
 477     (with-error-handling
 478       (:hstmt hstmt)
 479       (SQLDescribeParam hstmt parameter-nr
 480                         column-sql-type-ptr
 481                         column-precision-ptr
 482                         column-scale-ptr
 483                         column-nullable-p-ptr)
 484       (values
 485        (deref-pointer column-sql-type-ptr :short)
 486        (deref-pointer column-precision-ptr #.$ODBC-ULONG-TYPE)
 487        (deref-pointer column-scale-ptr :short)
 488        (deref-pointer column-nullable-p-ptr :short)))))
 489
 490 (defun %column-attributes (hstmt column-nr descriptor-type)
 491   (let ((descriptor-info-ptr (allocate-foreign-string 256)))
 492     (with-foreign-objects ((descriptor-length-ptr :short)
 493                            (numeric-descriptor-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE))
 494       (with-error-handling
 495           (:hstmt hstmt)
 496           (SQLColAttributes hstmt column-nr descriptor-type descriptor-info-ptr
 497                             256 descriptor-length-ptr
 498                             numeric-descriptor-ptr)
 499         (let ((desc (convert-from-foreign-string descriptor-info-ptr)))
 500           (free-foreign-object descriptor-info-ptr)
 501           (values
 502            desc
 503            (deref-pointer numeric-descriptor-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE)))))))
 504
 505 (defun %prepare-describe-columns (hstmt table-qualifier table-owner
 506                                    table-name column-name)
 507   (with-cstrings ((table-qualifier-ptr table-qualifier)
 508                   (table-owner-ptr table-owner)
 509                   (table-name-ptr table-name)
 510                   (column-name-ptr column-name))
 511     (with-error-handling
 512         (:hstmt hstmt)
 513       (SQLColumns hstmt
 514                   table-qualifier-ptr (length table-qualifier)
 515                   table-owner-ptr (length table-owner)
 516                   table-name-ptr (length table-name)
 517                   column-name-ptr (length column-name)))))
 518
 519 (defun %describe-columns (hdbc table-qualifier table-owner
 520                           table-name column-name)
 521   (with-statement-handle (hstmt hdbc)
 522     (%prepare-describe-columns hstmt table-qualifier table-owner
 523                                table-name column-name)
 524     (fetch-all-rows hstmt)))
 525
 526 (defun %sql-data-sources (henv &key (direction :first))
 527   (let ((name-ptr (allocate-foreign-string (1+ $SQL_MAX_DSN_LENGTH)))
 528         (description-ptr (allocate-foreign-string 1024)))
 529     (with-foreign-objects ((name-length-ptr :short)
 530                            (description-length-ptr :short))
 531       (let ((res (with-error-handling
 532                      (:henv henv)
 533                      (SQLDataSources henv
 534                                      (ecase direction
 535                                        (:first $SQL_FETCH_FIRST)
 536                                        (:next $SQL_FETCH_NEXT))
 537                                      name-ptr
 538                                      (1+ $SQL_MAX_DSN_LENGTH)
 539                                      name-length-ptr
 540                                      description-ptr
 541                                      1024
 542                                      description-length-ptr))))
 543         (cond
 544           ((= res $SQL_NO_DATA_FOUND)
 545            (let ((name (convert-from-foreign-string name-ptr))
 546                  (desc (convert-from-foreign-string description-ptr)))
 547              (free-foreign-object name-ptr)
 548              (free-foreign-object description-ptr)
 549              (values
 550               name
 551               desc)))
 552           (t
 553            (free-foreign-object name-ptr)
 554            (free-foreign-object description-ptr)
 555            nil))))))
 556
 557
 558
 559 (defun sql-to-c-type (sql-type)
 560   (ecase sql-type
 561     ((#.$SQL_CHAR #.$SQL_VARCHAR #.$SQL_LONGVARCHAR
 562       #.$SQL_NUMERIC #.$SQL_DECIMAL #.$SQL_BIGINT -8 -9) $SQL_C_CHAR)
 563     (#.$SQL_INTEGER $SQL_C_SLONG)
 564     (#.$SQL_SMALLINT $SQL_C_SSHORT)
 565     (#.$SQL_DOUBLE $SQL_C_DOUBLE)
 566     (#.$SQL_FLOAT $SQL_C_DOUBLE)
 567     (#.$SQL_REAL $SQL_C_FLOAT)
 568     (#.$SQL_DATE $SQL_C_DATE)
 569     (#.$SQL_TIME $SQL_C_TIME)
 570     (#.$SQL_TIMESTAMP $SQL_C_TIMESTAMP)
 571     ((#.$SQL_BINARY #.$SQL_VARBINARY #.$SQL_LONGVARBINARY) $SQL_C_BINARY)
 572     (#.$SQL_TINYINT $SQL_C_STINYINT)
 573     (#.$SQL_BIT $SQL_C_BIT)))
 574
 575 (def-type byte-pointer-type '(* :byte))
 576 (def-type short-pointer-type '(* :short))
 577 (def-type int-pointer-type '(* :int))
 578 (def-type long-pointer-type '(* #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE))
 579 (def-type float-pointer-type '(* :float))
 580 (def-type double-pointer-type '(* :double))
 581 (def-type string-pointer-type '(* :unsigned-char))
 582
 583 (defun get-cast-byte (ptr)
 584   (locally (declare (type byte-pointer-type ptr))
 585     (deref-pointer ptr :byte)))
 586
 587 (defun get-cast-short (ptr)
 588   (locally (declare (type short-pointer-type ptr))
 589     (deref-pointer ptr :short)))
 590
 591 (defun get-cast-int (ptr)
 592   (locally (declare (type int-pointer-type ptr))
 593     (deref-pointer ptr :int)))
 594
 595 (defun get-cast-long (ptr)
 596   (locally (declare (type long-pointer-type ptr))
 597     (deref-pointer ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE)))
 598
 599 (defun get-cast-single-float (ptr)
 600   (locally (declare (type float-pointer-type ptr))
 601     (deref-pointer ptr :float)))
 602
 603 (defun get-cast-double-float (ptr)
 604   (locally (declare (type double-pointer-type ptr))
 605     (deref-pointer ptr :double)))
 606
 607 (defun get-cast-foreign-string (ptr)
 608   (locally (declare (type string-pointer-type ptr))
 609     (convert-from-foreign-string ptr)))
 610
 611 (defun get-cast-binary (ptr len format)
 612   "FORMAT is one of :unsigned-byte-vector, :bit-vector (:string, :hex-string)"
 613   (with-cast-pointer (casted ptr :byte)
 614     (ecase format
 615       (:unsigned-byte-vector
 616        (let ((vector (make-array len :element-type '(unsigned-byte 8))))
 617          (dotimes (i len)
 618            (setf (aref vector i)
 619                  (deref-array casted '(:array :byte) i)))
 620          vector))
 621       (:bit-vector
 622        (let ((vector (make-array (ash len 3) :element-type 'bit)))
 623          (dotimes (i len)
 624            (let ((byte (deref-array casted '(:array :byte) i)))
 625              (dotimes (j 8)
 626                (setf (bit vector (+ (ash i 3) j))
 627                      (logand (ash byte (- j 7)) 1)))))
 628          vector)))))
 629
 630
 631 (defun read-data (data-ptr c-type sql-type out-len-ptr result-type)
 632   (declare (type long-ptr-type out-len-ptr))
 633   (let* ((out-len (deref-pointer out-len-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE))
 634          (value
 635           (cond ((= out-len $SQL_NULL_DATA)
 636                  *null*)
 637                 (t
 638                  (case sql-type
 639                    ;; SQL extended datatypes
 640                    (#.$SQL_TINYINT  (get-cast-byte data-ptr))
 641                    (#.$SQL_C_STINYINT (get-cast-byte data-ptr)) ;; ?
 642                    (#.$SQL_C_SSHORT (get-cast-short data-ptr)) ;; ?
 643                    (#.$SQL_SMALLINT (get-cast-short data-ptr)) ;; ??
 644                    (#.$SQL_INTEGER (get-cast-int data-ptr))
 645                    (#.$SQL_BIGINT (read-from-string
 646                                    (get-cast-foreign-string data-ptr)))
 647                    (#.$SQL_TINYINT (get-cast-byte data-ptr))
 648                    (#.$SQL_DECIMAL
 649                     (let ((*read-base* 10))
 650                       (read-from-string (get-cast-foreign-string data-ptr))))
 651                    (t
 652                     (case c-type
 653                       (#.$SQL_C_DATE
 654                        (funcall *time-conversion-function* (date-to-universal-time data-ptr)))
 655                       (#.$SQL_C_TIME
 656                        (multiple-value-bind (universal-time frac) (time-to-universal-time data-ptr)
 657                          (funcall *time-conversion-function* universal-time frac)))
 658                       (#.$SQL_C_TIMESTAMP
 659                        (multiple-value-bind (universal-time frac) (timestamp-to-universal-time data-ptr)
 660                          (funcall *time-conversion-function* universal-time frac)))
 661                       (#.$SQL_INTEGER
 662                        (get-cast-int data-ptr))
 663                       (#.$SQL_C_FLOAT
 664                        (get-cast-single-float data-ptr))
 665                       (#.$SQL_C_DOUBLE
 666                        (get-cast-double-float data-ptr))
 667                       (#.$SQL_C_SLONG
 668                        (get-cast-long data-ptr))
 669                       #+lispworks
 670                       (#.$SQL_C_BIT     ; encountered only in Access
 671                        (get-cast-byte data-ptr))
 672                       (#.$SQL_C_BINARY
 673                        (get-cast-binary data-ptr out-len *binary-format*))
 674                       ((#.$SQL_C_SSHORT #.$SQL_C_STINYINT) ; LMH short ints
 675                        (get-cast-short data-ptr)) ; LMH
 676                       #+ignore
 677                       (#.$SQL_C_CHAR
 678                        (code-char (get-cast-short data-ptr)))
 679                       (t
 680                        (get-cast-foreign-string data-ptr)))))))))
 681
 682     ;; FIXME: this could be better optimized for types which use READ-FROM-STRING above
 683
 684     (if (and (or (eq result-type t) (eq result-type :string))
 685              value
 686              (not (stringp value)))
 687         (write-to-string value)
 688       value)))
 689
 690 ;; which value is appropriate?
 691 (defparameter +max-precision+  4001)
 692
 693 (defvar *break-on-unknown-data-type* t)
 694
 695 ;; C. Stacy's idea to factor this out
 696 ;; "Make it easy to add new datatypes by making new subroutine %ALLOCATE-BINDINGS,
 697 ;; so that I don't have to remember to make changes in more than one place.
 698 ;; Just keep it in synch with READ-DATA."
 699 (defun %allocate-bindings (sql-type precision)
 700   (let* ((c-type (sql-to-c-type sql-type))
 701          (size (if (zerop precision)
 702                    +max-precision+ ;; if the precision cannot be determined
 703                  (min precision +max-precision+)))
 704          (long-p (= size +max-precision+))
 705          (data-ptr
 706           (case c-type ;; add more?
 707             (#.$SQL_C_SLONG (uffi:allocate-foreign-object #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE))
 708             (#.$SQL_C_DATE (allocate-foreign-object 'sql-c-date))
 709             (#.$SQL_C_TIME (allocate-foreign-object 'sql-c-time))
 710             (#.$SQL_C_TIMESTAMP (allocate-foreign-object 'sql-c-timestamp))
 711             (#.$SQL_C_FLOAT (uffi:allocate-foreign-object :float))
 712             (#.$SQL_C_DOUBLE (uffi:allocate-foreign-object :double))
 713             (#.$SQL_C_BIT (uffi:allocate-foreign-object :byte))
 714             (#.$SQL_C_STINYINT (uffi:allocate-foreign-object :byte))
 715             (#.$SQL_C_SSHORT (uffi:allocate-foreign-object :short))
 716             (#.$SQL_C_CHAR (uffi:allocate-foreign-string (1+ size)))
 717             (#.$SQL_C_BINARY (uffi:allocate-foreign-string (1+ (* 2 size))))
 718             (t
 719                 ;; Maybe should signal a restartable condition for this?
 720                 (when *break-on-unknown-data-type*
 721                   (break "SQL type is ~A, precision ~D, size ~D, C type is ~A"
 722                          sql-type precision size c-type))
 723                 (uffi:allocate-foreign-object :byte (1+ size)))))
 724          (out-len-ptr (uffi:allocate-foreign-object #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE)))
 725     (values c-type data-ptr out-len-ptr size long-p)))
 726
 727 (defun fetch-all-rows (hstmt &key free-option flatp)
 728   (let ((column-count (result-columns-count hstmt)))
 729     (unless (zerop column-count)
 730       (let ((names (make-array column-count))
 731             (sql-types (make-array column-count :element-type 'fixnum))
 732             (c-types (make-array column-count :element-type 'fixnum))
 733             (precisions (make-array column-count :element-type 'fixnum))
 734             (data-ptrs (make-array column-count :initial-element nil))
 735             (out-len-ptrs (make-array column-count :initial-element nil))
 736             (scales (make-array column-count :element-type 'fixnum))
 737             (nullables-p (make-array column-count :element-type 'fixnum)))
 738         (unwind-protect
 739           (values
 740            (progn
 741              (dotimes (col-nr column-count)
 742                ;; get column information
 743                (multiple-value-bind (name sql-type precision scale nullable-p)
 744                                     (%describe-column hstmt (1+ col-nr))
 745                  ;; allocate space to bind result rows to
 746                  (multiple-value-bind (c-type data-ptr out-len-ptr)
 747                      (%allocate-bindings sql-type precision)
 748                    (%bind-column hstmt col-nr c-type data-ptr (1+ precision) out-len-ptr)
 749                    (setf (svref names col-nr) name
 750                          (aref sql-types col-nr) sql-type
 751                          (aref c-types col-nr) (sql-to-c-type sql-type)
 752                          (aref precisions col-nr) (if (zerop precision) 0 precision)
 753                          (aref scales col-nr) scale
 754                          (aref nullables-p col-nr) nullable-p
 755                          (aref data-ptrs col-nr) data-ptr
 756                          (aref out-len-ptrs col-nr) out-len-ptr))))
 757              ;; the main loop
 758              (prog1
 759                (cond (flatp
 760                       (when (> column-count 1)
 761                         (error 'clsql:sql-database-error
 762                                :message "If more than one column is to be fetched, flatp has to be nil."))
 763                       (loop until (= (%sql-fetch hstmt) $SQL_NO_DATA_FOUND)
 764                             collect
 765                             (read-data (aref data-ptrs 0)
 766                                        (aref c-types 0)
 767                                        (aref sql-types 0)
 768                                        (aref out-len-ptrs 0)
 769                                        t)))
 770                      (t
 771                       (loop until (= (%sql-fetch hstmt) $SQL_NO_DATA_FOUND)
 772                             collect
 773                             (loop for col-nr from 0 to (1- column-count)
 774                                   collect
 775                                   (read-data (aref data-ptrs col-nr)
 776                                              (aref c-types col-nr)
 777                                              (aref sql-types col-nr)
 778                                              (aref out-len-ptrs col-nr)
 779                                              t)))))))
 780            names)
 781           ;; dispose of memory etc
 782           (when free-option (%free-statement hstmt free-option))
 783           (dotimes (col-nr column-count)
 784             (let ((data-ptr (aref data-ptrs col-nr))
 785                   (out-len-ptr (aref out-len-ptrs col-nr)))
 786               (when data-ptr (free-foreign-object data-ptr)) ; we *did* allocate them
 787               (when out-len-ptr (free-foreign-object out-len-ptr)))))))))
 788
 789 ;; to do: factor out common parts, put the sceleton (the obligatory macro part)
 790 ;; of %do-fetch into sql package (has been done)
 791
 792 (defun %sql-prepare (hstmt sql)
 793   (with-cstring (sql-ptr sql)
 794     (with-error-handling (:hstmt hstmt)
 795       (SQLPrepare hstmt sql-ptr $SQL_NTS))))
 796
 797 ;; depending on option, we return a long int or a string; string not implemented
 798 (defun get-connection-option (hdbc option)
 799   (with-foreign-object (param-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE)
 800     (with-error-handling (:hdbc hdbc)
 801                          (SQLGetConnectOption hdbc option param-ptr)
 802       (deref-pointer param-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE))))
 803
 804 (defun set-connection-option (hdbc option param)
 805   (with-error-handling (:hdbc hdbc)
 806     (SQLSetConnectOption hdbc option param)))
 807
 808 (defun disable-autocommit (hdbc)
 809   (set-connection-option hdbc $SQL_AUTOCOMMIT $SQL_AUTOCOMMIT_OFF))
 810
 811 (defun enable-autocommit (hdbc)
 812   (set-connection-option hdbc $SQL_AUTOCOMMIT $SQL_AUTOCOMMIT_ON))
 813
 814 (defun %sql-set-pos (hstmt row option lock)
 815   (with-error-handling
 816     (:hstmt hstmt)
 817     (SQLSetPos hstmt row option lock)))
 818
 819 (defun %sql-extended-fetch (hstmt fetch-type row)
 820   (with-foreign-objects ((row-count-ptr #.$ODBC-ULONG-TYPE)
 821                          (row-status-ptr :short))
 822     (with-error-handling (:hstmt hstmt)
 823       (SQLExtendedFetch hstmt fetch-type row row-count-ptr
 824                         row-status-ptr)
 825       (values (deref-pointer row-count-ptr #.$ODBC-ULONG-TYPE)
 826               (deref-pointer row-status-ptr :short)))))
 827
 828 ; column-nr is zero-based
 829 (defun %sql-get-data (hstmt column-nr c-type data-ptr precision out-len-ptr)
 830   (with-error-handling
 831     (:hstmt hstmt :print-info nil)
 832     (SQLGetData hstmt (if (eq column-nr :bookmark) 0 (1+ column-nr))
 833                 c-type data-ptr precision out-len-ptr)))
 834
 835 (defun %sql-param-data (hstmt param-ptr)
 836   (with-error-handling (:hstmt hstmt :print-info t) ;; nil
 837       (SQLParamData hstmt param-ptr)))
 838
 839 (defun %sql-put-data (hstmt data-ptr size)
 840   (with-error-handling
 841     (:hstmt hstmt :print-info t) ;; nil
 842     (SQLPutData hstmt data-ptr size)))
 843
 844 (defconstant $sql-data-truncated (intern "01004" :keyword))
 845
 846 (defun read-data-in-chunks (hstmt column-nr data-ptr c-type sql-type
 847                                       out-len-ptr result-type)
 848   (declare (type long-ptr-type out-len-ptr))
 849   (let* ((res (%sql-get-data hstmt column-nr c-type data-ptr
 850                              +max-precision+ out-len-ptr))
 851          (out-len (deref-pointer out-len-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE))
 852          (offset 0))
 853     (case out-len
 854       (#.$SQL_NULL_DATA
 855        (return-from read-data-in-chunks *null*))
 856       (#.$SQL_NO_TOTAL ;; don't know how long it is going to be
 857        (let ((str (make-array 0 :element-type 'character :adjustable t)))
 858          (loop do (if (= c-type #.$SQL_CHAR)
 859                       (let ((data-length (foreign-string-length data-ptr)))
 860                         (adjust-array str (+ offset data-length)
 861                                       :initial-element #\?)
 862                         (setf offset (%cstring-into-vector
 863                                       data-ptr str
 864                                       offset
 865                                       data-length)))
 866                     (error 'clsql:sql-database-error :message "wrong type. preliminary."))
 867                while (and (= res $SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO)
 868                           (equal (sql-state +null-handle-ptr+ +null-handle-ptr+ hstmt)
 869                                  "01004"))
 870                do (setf res (%sql-get-data hstmt column-nr c-type data-ptr
 871                                            +max-precision+ out-len-ptr)))
 872          (setf str (coerce str 'string))
 873          (if (= sql-type $SQL_DECIMAL)
 874              (let ((*read-base* 10))
 875                (read-from-string str))
 876            str)))
 877       (otherwise
 878        (let ((str (make-string out-len)))
 879          (loop do (if (= c-type #.$SQL_CHAR)
 880                       (setf offset (%cstring-into-vector ;string
 881                                     data-ptr str
 882                                     offset
 883                                     (min out-len (1- +max-precision+))))
 884                     (error 'clsql:sql-database-error :message "wrong type. preliminary."))
 885                while
 886                (and (= res $SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO)
 887                     #+ingore(eq (sql-state +null-handle-ptr+ +null-handle-ptr+ hstmt)
 888                                 $sql-data-truncated)
 889                     (equal (sql-state +null-handle-ptr+ +null-handle-ptr+ hstmt)
 890                            "01004"))
 891                do (setf res (%sql-get-data hstmt column-nr c-type data-ptr
 892                                            +max-precision+ out-len-ptr)
 893                         out-len (deref-pointer out-len-ptr #.$ODBC-LONG-TYPE)))
 894          (if (= sql-type $SQL_DECIMAL)
 895              (let ((*read-base* 10))
 896                (read-from-string str))
 897            str))))))
 898
 899 (def-type c-timestamp-ptr-type '(* (:struct sql-c-timestamp)))
 900 (def-type c-time-ptr-type '(* (:struct sql-c-time)))
 901 (def-type c-date-ptr-type '(* (:struct sql-c-date)))
 902
 903 (defun timestamp-to-universal-time (ptr)
 904   (declare (type c-timestamp-ptr-type ptr))
 905   (values
 906    (encode-universal-time
 907     (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'second)
 908     (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'minute)
 909     (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'hour)
 910     (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'day)
 911     (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'month)
 912     (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'year))
 913    (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'fraction)))
 914
 915 (defun universal-time-to-timestamp (time &optional (fraction 0))
 916   (multiple-value-bind (sec min hour day month year)
 917       (decode-universal-time time)
 918     (let ((ptr (allocate-foreign-object 'sql-c-timestamp)))
 919       (setf (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'second) sec
 920             (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'minute) min
 921             (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'hour) hour
 922             (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'day) day
 923             (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'month) month
 924             (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'year) year
 925             (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'fraction) fraction)
 926       ptr)))
 927
 928 (defun %put-timestamp (ptr time &optional (fraction 0))
 929   (declare (type c-timestamp-ptr-type ptr))
 930   (multiple-value-bind (sec min hour day month year)
 931       (decode-universal-time time)
 932     (setf (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'second) sec
 933           (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'minute) min
 934           (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'hour) hour
 935           (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'day) day
 936           (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'month) month
 937           (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'year) year
 938           (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'fraction) fraction)
 939       ptr))
 940
 941 (defun date-to-universal-time (ptr)
 942   (declare (type c-date-ptr-type ptr))
 943   (encode-universal-time
 944    0 0 0
 945    (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'day)
 946    (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'month)
 947    (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'year)))
 948
 949 (defun time-to-universal-time (ptr)
 950   (declare (type c-time-ptr-type ptr))
 951   (encode-universal-time
 952    (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'second)
 953    (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'minute)
 954    (get-slot-value ptr 'sql-c-timestamp 'hour)
 955    1 1 0))
 956
 957
 958 ;;; Added by KMR
 959
 960 (defun %set-attr-odbc-version (henv version)
 961   (with-error-handling (:henv henv)
 962       (SQLSetEnvAttr henv $SQL_ATTR_ODBC_VERSION
 963                      (make-pointer version :void) 0)))
 964
 965 (defun %list-tables (hstmt)
 966   (with-error-handling (:hstmt hstmt)
 967     (SQLTables hstmt +null-ptr+ 0 +null-ptr+ 0 +null-ptr+ 0 +null-ptr+ 0)))
 968
 969 (defun %table-statistics (table hstmt &key unique (ensure t))
 970   (with-cstrings ((table-cs table))
 971     (with-error-handling (:hstmt hstmt)
 972       (SQLStatistics
 973        hstmt
 974        +null-ptr+ 0
 975        +null-ptr+ 0
 976        table-cs $SQL_NTS
 977        (if unique $SQL_INDEX_UNIQUE $SQL_INDEX_ALL)
 978        (if ensure $SQL_ENSURE $SQL_QUICK)))))
 979
 980 (defun %list-data-sources (henv)
 981   (let ((dsn (allocate-foreign-string (1+ $SQL_MAX_DSN_LENGTH)))
 982         (desc (allocate-foreign-string 256))
 983         (results nil))
 984     (unwind-protect
 985          (with-foreign-objects ((dsn-len :short)
 986                                 (desc-len :short))
 987            (let ((res (with-error-handling (:henv henv)
 988                         (SQLDataSources henv $SQL_FETCH_FIRST dsn
 989                                         (1+ $SQL_MAX_DSN_LENGTH)
 990                                         dsn-len desc 256 desc-len))))
 991              (when (or (eql res $SQL_SUCCESS)
 992                        (eql res $SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO))
 993                (push (convert-from-foreign-string dsn) results))
 994
 995              (do ((res (with-error-handling (:henv henv)
 996                          (SQLDataSources henv $SQL_FETCH_NEXT dsn
 997                                          (1+ $SQL_MAX_DSN_LENGTH)
 998                                          dsn-len desc 256 desc-len))
 999                        (with-error-handling (:henv henv)
1000                          (SQLDataSources henv $SQL_FETCH_NEXT dsn
1001                                          (1+ $SQL_MAX_DSN_LENGTH)
1002                                          dsn-len desc 256 desc-len))))
1003                  ((not (or (eql res $SQL_SUCCESS)
1004                            (eql res $SQL_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO))))
1005                (push (convert-from-foreign-string dsn) results))))
1006       (progn
1007         (free-foreign-object dsn)
1008         (free-foreign-object desc)))
1009     (nreverse results)))
1010