In order to use \ctsim\ effectively, some knowledge of how \ctsim\ works
and the approach taken is required. \ctsim\ deals with a variety of
-object, but the two we need to be concerned with are the 'phantom' and
+object, but the two objects we need to be concerned with are the 'phantom' and
the 'scanner'.
\section{Phantoms}\label{conceptphantom}\index{Concepts,Phantoms}%
\subsection{Overview}\label{phantomoverview}\index{Concepts,Phantoms,Overview}%
\ctsim\ uses geometrical objects to
-describe the object being scanned: rectangles, triangles, ellipses,
-sectors and segments. With these the standard phantoms used in the CT
-literature (the Herman and the Shepp-Logan) can be constructed. In fact
+describe the object being scanned. A phantom is composed a one or more
+phantom elements. These elements are simple geometric shapes,
+specifically, rectangles, triangles, ellipses, sectors and segments.
+With these the standard phantoms used in the CT literature (the Herman
+and the Shepp-Logan) can be constructed. In fact
\ctsim\ provides a shortcut to construct those phantoms for you. It also
allows you to write a file in which the composition of your own phantom is
described.
\subsubsection{ellipse}
Ellipses use dx and dy to define the semi-major and semi-minor axis lengths,
with the centre of the ellipse at cx and cy. Of note, the commonly used
-phantom described by Shepp and Logan\cite{SHEPP77} uses only ellipses.
+phantom described by Shepp and Logan\cite{SHEPP74} uses only ellipses.
\subsubsection{rectangle}
Rectangles use